SubEx
Glucosamine·Protect bones and joints·finding 10 of 20
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★★★Well replicated — this finding’s sources average out to meta-analyses, systematic reviews or high-powered trials.

Pain · no significant effect · well replicated

Sorted by which form they took, people matched placebo either way

Researchers obtained raw patient records from six trials, 1,663 people, and split them by which glucosamine had been used. Pain and function matched placebo either way.

What the study found

Splitting the raw patient records by form left the null unchanged

The supplement's defenders hold that the cheap salt is the problem and only one patented crystalline sulfate works. Researchers who obtained raw patient records from six trials, 1,663 people, split them by which glucosamine had been used. Pain and function matched placebo either way.

The caveat · No data from the brand in question

All five datasets shared were independently funded, so the form distinction is tested only inside independent trials, and no dataset from the manufacturer whose product the argument is about was contributed. In the published record, form, sponsorship and concealment cannot be separated.