The trials recruited people with multiple sclerosis, post-COVID fatigue or cancer, or with levels below the deficient line. None enrolled someone simply tired with a normal level.
The four-week trial scored fatigue on a self-reported questionnaire, a measure that moves easily on expectation, in people averaging 29 years old. The multiple sclerosis pooling covered five trials and 345 people, and its benefit runs from small down to almost nothing. The palliative trial lost 94 of its 244 participants, mostly to death from cancer.